Abstract

Land Cover Change and The Breeding Bird Survey: A landscape analysis of breeding bird surveys and road densities

Michael D. Hanan

September 2009

Population estimates are important for managers and biologists to make informed decisions.  Wildlife statistics have focused on estimates derived from counts and population sizes at sample sites by estimating the proportion of animals counted.  One widely used methodology for sampling avian populations across North America is the United States Department of Interior Fish and Wildlife Service’s Breeding Bird Survey.  Reliability of the Breeding Bird Survey data has been criticized due to surveys being conducted on road transects.  The objective of this project was to assess land cover change in relation to roads on a landscape level over a thirty year period and relate the results to the reliability of the Breeding Bird Survey data.  I used land cover at an ecoregion level to assess changes in land cover in proximity to roads.  Ecoregions provide useful strata in this project because they relate to the environmental characteristics that derive factors that affect changes in land cover and wildlife populations.  My results showed little evidence that land cover change correlates with proximity to roads.  Local land attributes can have cumulative effects on bird populations.  I recommend that further research be conducted in respect to off-road point counts adjacent to BBS routes to detect discrepancies between estimates on and off-road because land cover at the landscape level does not reveal all components that affect population trends.  I also recommend that further research be conducted to relate local land cover change to the landscape approach of this study.  In addition, I highlight priority areas of concern for future research in respect to the Breeding Bird Survey.